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50 software testing questions PDF

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50 software testing PDF Questions

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General Testing Concepts

  1. What is software testing, and why is it important?
    • Software testing is the process of evaluating software to ensure it meets requirements and works correctly. It’s essential because it helps identify bugs, improve quality, and enhance reliability before software reaches users.
  2. Explain the different types of testing.
    • Common types include unit testing (testing individual parts), integration testing (testing combined parts), system testing (entire system testing), and acceptance testing (user validation).
  3. What is the difference between functional and non-functional testing?
    • Functional testing checks if the software behaves as expected. Non-functional testing assesses aspects like performance, usability, and security.
  4. What are the phases of testing in the Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC)?
    • The main phases are requirement analysis, test planning, test case development, test environment setup, test execution, and test closure.
  5. Explain the concept of “test coverage.”
    • Test coverage measures how much of the code or functionalities are tested, helping ensure critical parts are not missed.
  6. What is a test plan, and what are its key components?
    • A test plan is a document outlining the testing strategy, scope, resources, and schedule. Key components include objectives, resources, schedule, test items, and deliverables.
  7. What is the difference between manual and automated testing?
    • Manual testing is done by testers without using automation tools. Automated testing uses tools to execute tests, making it faster and repeatable for large or repetitive tasks.
  8. What is the role of a test environment in software testing?
    • A test environment simulates the real-world setup where the application runs, ensuring accurate testing results.
  9. Describe the difference between static and dynamic testing.
    • Static testing reviews code, documents, and design without execution. Dynamic testing involves executing the software to find defects.
  10. What is unit testing?
    • Unit testing checks individual parts or functions of the code to ensure each performs as expected.

Test Case Development

  1. What is a test case, and how do you write one?
    • A test case describes steps to test a feature or function. It includes test case ID, description, steps, expected results, and actual results.
  2. What is the purpose of a test scenario?
    • A test scenario outlines a high-level test objective, covering various conditions the software might encounter.
  3. Explain test data and its importance.
    • Test data is the data used to execute test cases. It’s crucial for ensuring realistic testing and accurate validation of software behavior.
  4. What is a test script?
    • A test script is a set of instructions or code for automated testing, defining actions for testing particular functionalities.
  5. What should a good test case include?
    • A good test case includes clear test steps, expected results, input data, prerequisites, and test case ID for easy tracking.
  6. How do you prioritize test cases?
    • Test cases are prioritized based on risk, impact, and criticality to ensure high-risk areas are tested first.
  7. What is boundary value analysis?
    • Boundary value analysis tests the limits of input values, checking the boundaries to uncover edge case issues.
  8. What is equivalence partitioning?
    • Equivalence partitioning divides inputs into valid and invalid partitions, reducing test cases while covering possible scenarios.
  9. Explain positive and negative testing.
    • Positive testing verifies the software behaves as expected with valid inputs, while negative testing checks how it handles invalid inputs.
  10. How do you create test cases for a new feature?
    • Analyze the feature requirements, identify scenarios, and write test cases that cover both positive and negative conditions.

Types of Testing

  1. What is regression testing, and why is it performed?
    • Regression testing checks that changes or fixes haven’t impacted existing features, ensuring no new bugs were introduced.
  2. What is system testing?
    • System testing validates the entire application as a whole to ensure it meets requirements and works correctly.
  3. Describe smoke testing and sanity testing.
    • Smoke testing verifies basic functionality for stability, while sanity testing checks specific features after minor changes.
  4. What is integration testing?
    • Integration testing evaluates the interaction between modules or components to ensure they work together.
  5. What is acceptance testing, and who performs it?
    • Acceptance testing confirms the software meets business needs and requirements. It’s usually performed by end-users or stakeholders.
  6. Explain performance testing and its importance.
    • Performance testing checks the system’s speed, responsiveness, and stability under load, ensuring a smooth user experience.
  7. What is load testing?
    • Load testing evaluates the system’s behavior under expected load, ensuring it can handle real-world user demands.
  8. What is stress testing?
    • Stress testing checks system stability by pushing it beyond limits to see how it handles extreme conditions.
  9. Describe compatibility testing.
    • Compatibility testing verifies that the software works across different devices, browsers, and operating systems.
  10. What is exploratory testing?
    • Exploratory testing is an unscripted, hands-on approach where testers actively explore the software to find defects.

Defects and Bug Tracking

  1. What is a defect in software testing?
    • A defect is any deviation from expected behavior or requirement in the software.
  2. Describe the defect life cycle.
    • The defect life cycle includes stages like New, Assigned, Open, Fixed, Retested, Closed, and Reopened if unresolved.
  3. How do you prioritize defects?
    • Defects are prioritized by severity (impact on users) and priority (business importance).
  4. What are severity and priority in defect tracking?
    • Severity measures the impact on functionality, while priority shows the urgency of fixing it.
  5. What is the difference between a bug, defect, and error?
    • An error is a coding mistake, a defect is a flaw found during testing, and a bug is a term for a defect in production.
  6. What tools are commonly used for defect tracking?
    • Common tools include JIRA, Bugzilla, Trello, and Mantis.
  7. What is defect density?
    • Defect density is the number of defects per unit size of the software, measuring overall quality.
  8. Explain defect leakage.
    • Defect leakage occurs when a defect escapes testing and is found in production.
  9. How do you report a defect?
    • A defect report includes title, description, steps to reproduce, severity, priority, environment, and screenshots if needed.
  10. What should be included in a bug report?
    • A bug report should include bug ID, summary, description, severity, priority, steps to reproduce, environment, and status.

Automation Testing Basics

  1. What is automation testing, and why is it useful?
    • Automation testing uses tools to execute tests automatically, making repetitive tasks faster and more consistent.
  2. What are the disadvantages of automation testing?
    • Automation can be costly, time-consuming to set up, and unsuitable for tests that require human judgment.
  3. Explain the concept of a test suite.
    • A test suite is a collection of test cases organized to verify a specific system behavior.
  4. What is a test framework?
    • A test framework is a structured environment for creating and executing test cases, often using tools like Selenium or JUnit.
  5. What types of tests are most suitable for automation?
    • Repetitive, stable tests like regression, load, and data-driven tests are ideal for automation.
  6. What is Selenium, and how is it used?
    • Selenium is a popular tool for automating web application tests across browsers, using scripting languages like Java or Python.
  7. Describe the difference between data-driven and keyword-driven testing.
    • Data-driven testing uses input data from external sources, while keyword-driven testing uses keywords to define test actions.
  8. What is continuous testing in DevOps?
    • Continuous testing is the practice of testing continuously throughout development, ensuring fast feedback and quality.
  9. Explain the difference between black-box and white-box testing.
    • Black-box testing tests functionality without seeing code, while white-box testing examines code internals.
  10. When would you avoid using automation testing?
    • Avoid automation for exploratory, ad-hoc, and frequently changing tests where manual testing is more adaptable.

 

 

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